Internet protocol (IP) cameras are webcams used for surveillance. They are digital video cameras that transmit data over a local network or the Internet. IP cameras make it possible to remotely monitor a security system. Each type of IP camera is ideal for specific purposes. For example, dome IP cameras are made for outdoor use, while PTZ IP cameras provide the best viewing angles, and IP cameras equipped with infrared light are meant for nighttime surveillance. Therefore, it is important that shoppers know the different types of network security cameras.
- Decentralized vs. Centralized IP Cameras
Centralized IP cameras are a network of linked security cameras; however, they are only the eyes of the security system because a central video recorder that all the cameras link to handles video recording. Central storage ensures that the security footage remains safe even if the camera is damaged or stolen.
On the other hand, decentralized IP cameras are stand-alone recording devices. Each records the video stream in a local storage medium, such as a hard drive or thumb drive. Decentralized storage ensures that there is very little chance of losing all surveillance and security footage at once.
- Wired vs. Wireless IP Cameras
Wired IP cameras are linked to local computer networks or the Internet via Ethernet cables. This allows the cameras to use maximal network bandwidth and ensures a steady and stable connection. Wireless IP cameras are connected to the network by Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. Because they are wireless, these IP cameras can be used to survey a wider area than wired IP cameras, and they are easier to install, but the connection is not as reliable.
- Fixed vs. PTZ IP Cameras
Fixed IP cameras are network cameras placed in fixed positions. Therefore, they have fixed viewing directions and angles. A fixed network camera is, therefore, used to survey the same area of a property without ever panning away. Although they are fixed, these cameras may also be equipped with different lenses to enhance their functions.
On the other hand, a PTZ IP camera can pan, tilt, and zoom using either manual or automatic controls. This wide range of motion allows one camera to conduct surveillance from different directions and multiple angles, which makes it ideal for continuously tracking an object of interest and zooming to investigate.
Dome IP Cameras
Besides the usual box form, both fixed and PTZ IP cameras come in a dome form factor. A dome IP camera shares most of the properties of a regular, boxy IP camera. For example, a fixed dome IP camera points only in one direction like a regular fixed IP camera; however, dome cameras offer certain benefits over regular IP cameras. For example, a PTZ dome IP camera can swivel 360 degrees.
- Day and Night IP Cameras
This type of IP camera is used to provide all-day surveillance. During the day, the camera functions like a regular IP camera and produces full-color images. At night, it employs infrared light to see in the darkness and produces black-and-white images.
- Megapixel IP Cameras
A megapixel IP camera is equipped with a high-resolution lens to produce detailed images. The minimum resolution of a megapixel IP camera is 1280×1024 pixels. This camera requires significantly higher bandwidth and storage capacity than a regular network camera in order to transmit and store its HD images and videos. These cameras come in handy when users regularly need to review surveillance tapes for details.